The soil texture and the crop rooting depth determine this.
Water balance of the root zone.

Considering a soil of root zone depth d and surface area A (i.e., bulk volume = Ad), This volume of water can also be expressed in terms of depth of water which would be obtained when this volume of water is spread over the soil surface area A.

Available water is the difference between field capacity, which is the maximum amount of water the soil can hold, and wilting point where the plant can no longer extract water from the soil. Soils in this zone are characteristic of fresh-water soil of grey to white sand, grey clay and sandy clay with humic topsoil.

Key points.

The soil moisture, up to 5cm soil depth, is recognized as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). SOIL WATER STORAGE CAPACITY AND AVAILABLE SOIL MOISTURE SOIL WATER STORAGE For irrigation the soil water storage (SWS) capacity is defined as the total amount of water that is stored in the soil within the plant’s root zone. ADVERTISEMENTS: The following points highlight the four types of water available in the soil. ADVERTISEMENTS: They are: (1) Gravitational Water or Ground Water (2) Capillary Water (3) Hygroscopic Water and (4) Chemically Combined Water.

Horizons are defined in many cases by obvious physical features, mainly colour and texture. The Soil Water Index is provided: over Europe, with 1km resolution, based on Surface Soil Moisture from Sentinel-1 C-band SAR (SSM product) and EUMETSAT H SAF Metop ASCAT surface soil moisture.
A soil horizon is a layer parallel to the soil surface whose physical, chemical and biological characteristics differ from the layers above and beneath. Type # 1. A deeper rooting depth means there is a larger volume of water

Soil Water – Tasmania . Soil water is also called rhizic water. This zone extends from the coastal inland and runs along the valleys of the Niger and the Benue rivers, thus cutting across the vegetational zones.

Not all water held in soil is available to plants. There are three main types of soil water - gravitational water, capillary water, and hygroscopic water - and these terms are defined based on the function of the water in the soil. Crop growth (or yield) is directly affected by the soil … For D r > RAW, K s is given by: (84) where K s is a dimensionless transpiration reduction factor dependent on available soil water [0 - 1], D r root zone depletion [mm], TAW total available soil water in the root zone [mm], p fraction of TAW that a crop can extract from the root zone without suffering water stress [-]. Soil water is the term for water found in naturally occurring soil. Gravitational Water or Ground Water: After a heavy rain or on application of irrigation water, the surface layer […] FIGURE 43. Sandy soils store less water …

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